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寒假里怎么复习中文

Gabriel在他最后的reflection里说，他要听老师在collab上的问题录音、听写录音和用SpeakGoodChinese练习发音。我觉得这都是很好的办法，也希望大家都能找一点儿时间做这几件事。

除了这几件事以外，老师还希望你能找时间：

第一、给你的中国朋友打电话，跟他/她用中文聊天；

第二、复习你的生词卡。我们这个学期学了很多生词和汉字。如果你不复习的话，可能会都忘了！

第三、你可以在这儿上网练习读中文 http://chinese.rutgers.edu/content_cs.htm。这个网站上有很容易的中文课文。还有课文的生词和录音。很有用，也很好用！

第四、你可以看中文电视、电影。我以前的学生告诉我《家有儿女》还不错。虽然很silly，但是能听懂很多。你们也可以试一试。

第五、如果你知道什么别的好看也好懂的中文电视／电影，也请你告诉老师告诉大家！

开会开会开会

一周两三次的节奏，就算学鸵鸟把头埋在沙子里也不能逃避开学在即的现实了。看来暑假的最后两个星期就要在开会中度过了。不过一次次的开会也真的做成或者正在做成很多事。

今天的会是为了做一个“跟我学中文”的网站，把去年我自己和学生们做的教语法和教汉字的视频发布在公共网站供更多学生和老师利用，并提交他们自己制作的教学视频。

今年的学生会继续制作更多的视频，我也会修改并增加一些语法视频。希望这个网站真能帮到教中文的老师和学中文的学生们。

更多中文影视剧

今天想不起来可以贴什么，那就在贴一些我的老师同事推荐的中文影视剧吧。趁着还没有开学，也许大家还有时间和心情再看看电影电视什么的。

下面这些是储文怡老师推荐的几个电视剧（储老师给了很长的一个单子，我只放了几个我听说过的啊。似乎非常有限….）：

《金太郎的幸福生活》

《爱情公寓》（这个也有以前的学生推荐，我自己觉得幼稚，可能是代沟吧….）

《士兵突击》（这个我看过，是军人题材的，没想到我会爱看）

《家有儿女》（这个有以前的学生在看。我自己觉得太幼稚了）

 

 

拼音课程

这是为新学期1010学生准备的拼音课程。在上次的基础上又做了些改动。

Objectives:

1. Learn basic facts about Pinyin.

2. Be able to pronounce Pinyin correctly, so that you can learn to read Chinese.

3. Be able to transcribe any Mandarin speech sound into Pinyin, so that you can type Chinese characters.

Learning Materials and study method:

To achieve the above three goals, study the follow three sets of materials respectively.

1. Basic facts about Pinyin

Pinyin is a system to annotate mandarin speech sounds using roman alphabets. This is a pretty modern invention to help children and non-native speakers to have a way to know how to pronounce each Chinese word. So pinyin is usually the critical first step of learning Chinese. It is an important tool you want to be good at using. After you master Pinyin, you can use it to pronounce any given character and to type Chinese on your computer and phone.

A pinyin usually contains an initial (equivalent to a consonant), a final (vowel) and a tone mark above the main vowel (- for the first tone, / for the second tone, v for the third tone, \ for the fourth tone, or nothing for the neutral tone), For example, nǐhǎo is the pinyin for the word 你好(meaning “Hello”, or “you good” literally in Chinese). In many computer programs, tones are indicated by numbers. For example, the pinyin of 你好 can be also written as ni3hao3.

This website more details if you wish to know more about the facts of Pinyin. http://talkbank.org/pinyin/introduction.php.

There are many online resources to introduce beginners to the four (five if we count the neutral or toneless tone) tones, but personally I like this one the best. It’s a bit long, but the teacher is super cute 🙂 and you can stop after the teacher introduces the equivalents of tones in English speech. We’ll get into more details when we finish learning all the initials(consonants) and finals(vowels).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3wV8B4bx1lM

2. Pronouncing Pinyin

This clickable Pinyin Chart allows you to see a whole picture of what’s there to be conquered. But don’t get overwhelmed. Let’s “divide and conquer”!

1) Study all the initials first

https://ascitweb.clas.virginia.edu/ascit/chinese/

Pay particular attention to zh, ch, sh, r, z, c, s, j, q, x

2) Then all the finals

https://ascitweb.clas.virginia.edu/ascit/chinese/testVowels.php

Pay particular attention to: e, ü, ou, ei, er, ie, iu(pronounced as iou), ui(pronounced as uei), uo, un(pronounced as uen), üe, ün,

3) Now let’s put the initials and finals together to learn all the possible speech sounds of Mandarin by looking at the complete pinyin chart again. Please note that you can choose any of the four tones to practice each of these sounds. The blanks in the chart means those are impossible combinations, hence, non-existent speech sounds of Mandarin. For example, there is no such sound as “jao”.

If you would like to use your iPhone to practice, Pinyin Chart is a free app version of the above pinyin chart. Just go to your App store and search for Pinyin Chart.

As you will find out, most of the combinations are straightforward and not too far from sounding out English words especially after you’ve mastered pronouncing each initial and final correctly. However, some of the combinations are less intuitive and needs memorization just like you memorize those sight words in English (you don’t sound them out; you just memorize them as a whole). I suggest you make a list of difficult ones for your own reference (each student’s list will be different but I expect a lot of overlaps across your lists). Then find those “tough nuts” on the clickable pinyin chart (isn’t it cool?!) and practice them again and again till you can pronounce them perfectly at a quick glance. Here is a list of tricky ones reported by previous students:

a) ju, qu, xu, yu, yue, jue, que, xue (when “u” is used with “j,q,x,y”, it is actually “ü” without those two dots and therefore should be pronounced accordingly)

b) iu, ui, un (actually annotates sounds iou, uei, uen respectively)

c) ye (indicates sound of yie, although spelled as “ye”), wo (indicates sound of wuo, although spelled as “wo”)

This webpage helps you focus on sounds with j q x z c s zh ch sh r, which usually confuse many students in the past:

https://ascitweb.clas.virginia.edu/ascit/chinese/testFocus.php

3. Transcribing Mandarin Sounds in Pinyin

Now let’s work on the other direction, i.e., when you hear a sound, you can transcribe the sound correctly in Pinyin. Or to put it another way, when you hear a word, you can write it in Pinyin (if not in characters just yet). Study the bottom portion of the pinyin chart to learn the spelling rules (color coded to help you locate those sounds in the pinyin chart).

This webpage helps you review and self-test the spelling rules:

https://ascitweb.clas.virginia.edu/ascit/chinese/showSpelling.php

Now let’s try transcribing with tones!

This website helps you review the 20 tone combinations and self-quiz with some contrasting tones (this section is scheduled to be available by August 18):

https://ascitweb.clas.virginia.edu/ascit/chinese

This is an extra website to self-quiz until you are confident about your transcribing ability. Make sure to uncheck the ‘show pinyin’ option. Have fun!

http://pinyinpractice.com/selfquiz.htm

 

新的声调组合例子

这个新表在原来的基础上做了一些改动，并加上了英文意思，因为如果学生可以把声音和意思结合起来的话，两个都会记得更快更牢。这是一个more is more的例子

 

1

2

3

4

5/0

1

yi1sheng1

doctor

zhong1guo2

China

bing1shui3

ice water

zhi1dao4

know

dong1xi

stuff

 

2

xue2sheng1

student

tong2xue2

classmate

peng2you3

friend

bu2shi4

is not

shen2me

what

 

3

lao3shi1

teacher

mei3guo2

USA

ni3hao3

hello

qing3wen4

May I ask…

Dong3le

understood

 

4

da4jia1

everybody

da4xue2

university

tiao4wu3

dance

zai4jian4

goodbye

xie4xie

thanks

 

声调的对比练习

除了能听出和说出声调的不同组合以外，另一个重要的训练是听出和说出不同组合的细微差别。比如dongxi同样的声母韵母，11组合就是east and west，10组合就是stuff。下边这个表总结了一些这样的对比练习。

  1 2 3 4  0
1 yi1sheng1

jin1tian1

dong1xi1

 zhong1guo2

jin1tian2

ji1chang2

 bing1shui3

mao1gou3

ji1chang3

 zhi1dao4

can1ju4

shi1wu4

  ma1ma

ge1ge

dong1xi
2 xue2sheng1

zhi2dao1

qi2che1

 tong2xue2

qing2wen2

chang2chang2

 peng2you3

zhi2dao3

shi2wu3

 bu2shi4

can2ju4

yi2si4

  shen2me

peng2you

chang2chang
3  lao3shi1

mei3guo1

tong3xue1

 mei3guo2

lao3shi2

da3qiu2

 ni3hao3

shui3jiao3

da3jia3

 qing3wen4

da3jia4

yi3sheng4

  dian3zi

xie3xie

ma3ma
4  da4jia1

mao4gou1

qi4che1

 da4xue2

bu4shi2

da4qiu2

 tiao3wu3

da4xue3

dian4zi3

 zai4jian4

ge4ge4

shui4jiao4

 xie4xie

chang4chang

yi4si

声调组合

下边这个表格列出了一些代表20种双音节声调组合的常用词。可以帮助学生熟悉各种声调组合听起来是什么样的。下一步是录下来，放在我们的拼音网站上！

  1 2 3 4  5/0
1 yi1sheng1 zhong1guo2 bing1shui3 zhi1dao4 ma1ma
2 xue2sheng1 tong2xue2 peng2you3 bu2shi4 shen2me
3 lao3shi1 mei3guo2 ni3hao3 qing3wen4 ni3ne
4 da4jia1 da4xue2 tiao4wu3 zai4jian4 xie4xie